A1000 Solid State Drive - Dukungan

High-performance NVMe SSDs require adequate airflow for maximum bandwidth and performance. During heavy workloads or extensive benchmarking, the drive will heat up and the controller firmware may implement thermal throttling in order to maintain proper operating temperature and ensure drive integrity. If performance degradation is observed within these circumstances, confirm the SSD is receiving adequate cooling and/or increase the system’s fan speed to reduce drive temperatures.　

Note: Thermal throttling will engage when temperature reaches 80°C

FAQ: KSD-060117-NVME-02

Our NVMe SSD rely on native Linux and Microsoft NVMe drivers. Microsoft’s native NVMe driver issues Forced Unit Access (FUA) IO writes and Flush commands to NVMe devices that have a volatile write cache. This, in effect, undermines the write caching on the target SSD by often bypassing the DRAM cache and writing directly to NAND. As a result of this behavior, the NVMe SSD’s performance is reduced. To obtain maximum performance, you need to disable write cache buffer flushing on the target drive within Windows.　　

Steps to Disabling Write-Cache Buffer Flush　

1. Open Device Manager　

2. Select Disk Drives and expand, then select target drive.　　

3. Right-click and select Properties　

4. Check “Turn off Windows write-cache buffer flushing on the device”　　

a. Note: By disabling write-cache buffer flushing on the device, you run the risk of losing data in transit and/or data corruption in the event of a power failure. Only disable this feature if you are aware of the risks associated with it.　

Performance Comparison

FAQ: KSD-060117-KC1000-04

Drive NVMe mendukung plug and play pada Windows 8 dan versi di atasnya serta Windows Server 2012R dan versi di atasnya. Oleh karena itu, Kingston tidak menyediakan driver tambahan. Drive NVMe juga dapat berfungsi dengan Linux versi terbaru. Harap perhatikan: macOS tidak didukung.

FAQ: KSD-060117-NVME-01

Untuk menentukan driver NVMe yang digunakan, Anda dapat menjalankan alat benchmark AS SSD dan memilih SSD NVMe Kingston Anda dari menu menurun. Alat ini akan melaporkan driver yang digunakan untuk drive tersebut. Jika driver yang dilaporkan adalah "iaStorAC", berarti drive Anda menggunakan driver Intel. Jika driver yang dilaporkan adalah "stornvme", berarti drive Anda menggunakan driver Microsoft. Harap perhatikan: Drive SSD NVMe Kingston adalah drive plug and play sehingga kami tidak menyediakan driver tambahan.

FAQ: KSD-001525-001-00

The easiest way to ensure that your new SSD appears as your boot drive is to ensure that it is the only storage device connected during installation. 
If this is not possible, or if you previously cloned your old data to your new drive, confirm that the new drive appears as a boot device in the system BIOS, then select it for booting.

FAQ: KSD-012010-001-03

First, you should confirm that the SSD is seen within the system BIOS. Enter your BIOS (usually, Del, F2, F10, or F12 key) and navigate through your storage configuration menu(s) to see if the drive is correctly identified and present. If the drive isn’t present, power off the system, check the installation and connections to confirm the drive is seated and/or connected properly. 

If the drive is present in the BIOS, you may need to initialize the disk within the operating system. Follow the steps below to initialize.

For Windows:
Step 1: Confirm the drive is properly attached, and power on the system, then boot into Windows OS.
Step 2: Press Windows + X and choose Disk Management.
Step 3: If the SSD is new and not initialized, a popup will appear saying "Initialize Disk."
Step 4: Choose between: MBR (Master Boot Record): Suitable for drives under 2TB and older systems. GPT (GUID Partition Table): Recommended for modern systems and drives larger than 2TB.
Step 5: Click OK to initialize the disk.
Step 6: Once initialized, you'll see the SSD as "Unallocated." Right-click on it and select New Simple Volume.
Step 7: Follow the on-screen prompts (keeping all defaults is Okay)  to format and assign a drive letter to the SSD.

For macOS:
Step 1: Confirm the drive is properly attached, and power on the system, then boot into Mac OS.
Step 2: Open Disk Utility (you can find it using Spotlight with Cmd + Space and then typing "Disk Utility").
Step 3: In the left pane, select your SSD.
Step 4: Click on Erase.
Step 5: Provide a name for the drive, and under Format, choose: APFS for newer Macs and SSDs. Mac OS Extended (Journaled) for older systems or HDDs.
Step 6: Click Erase. Once the process completes, the SSD will be ready for use.

For Linux:
Step 1: Confirm the drive is properly attached, and power on the system, then boot into Linux OS.
Step 2: Open a terminal.
Step 3: Enter sudo fdisk -l to list all connected drives. Identify your SSD by its size and note the device name, e.g., /dev/sdb.
Step 4: Initialize the SSD using fdisk or parted. Here's a basic guide using fdisk: Enter sudo fdisk /dev/sdb (replace /dev/sdb with your SSD's device name). Press g to create a new GPT partition table. Press n to create a new partition. Follow the prompts to specify the size and type. Press w to write the changes.
Step 5: Format the new partition on the SSD (e.g., /dev/sdb1). You can format it with the filesystem of your choice: For ext4: sudo mkfs.ext4, For ext3: sudo mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdb1, For FAT32: sudo mkfs.vfat /dev/sdb1
Step 6: Mount the SSD: Create a mount point: sudo mkdir /mnt/myssd, Mount the SSD: sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/myssd, Remember to replace /dev/sdb1 with your SSD's partition name.

FAQ: KSD-012010-001-15

There are a variety of external enclosures available on the market. While Kingston aims to be compatible with all system types, occasionally, there may be an incompatibility. If you continue to have trouble with your external SSD enclosure, you may want to try a different enclosure.

FAQ: KSD-012010-001-18

Panduan Pengguna Secure Erase untuk Linux

Panduan ini akan menuntun Anda dalam menghapus SSD Kingston secara aman menggunakan peralatan Linux

Prosedur Secure Erase SATA

Peringatan

Harap pastikan bahwa Anda sudah memiliki cadangan lengkap dari setiap data penting sebelum melanjutkan!

Prasyarat

• Anda harus memiliki hak istimewa root.
• SSD Anda harus terhubung ke sistem sebagai drive kedua (tidak berisi OS).
• Pastikan lsscsi dan hdparm sudah terinstal. Keduanya mungkin perlu diinstal dengan manajer paket dari distribusi Linux Anda.
• Drive Anda tidak boleh dalam status dibekukan untuk keamanan.
• Drive Anda tidak boleh diproteksi dengan kata sandi.

Petunjuk
1.Temukan nama perangkat (/dev/sdX) dari drive yang ingin Anda hapus:

# lsscsi

2.Pastikan keamanan drive tidak dibekukan:

# hdparm -I /dev/sdX | grep frozen

Jika output menunjukkan "frozen" (bukan "not frozen") maka Anda tidak dapat melanjutkan ke langkah berikutnya. Anda harus mencoba menghilangkan pembekuan untuk keamanan itu dengan mencoba satu dari metode berikut:

Metode 1:
Nonaktifkan sistem ke status sleep (suspend ke RAM) dan aktifkan lagi. Pada kebanyakan distribusi Linux, perintah untuk melakukan suspend adalah:

# systemctl suspend

Sekarang jalankan perintah hdparm lagi. Jika berhasil, output akan menunjukkan "not frozen" (bukan "frozen").

Metode 2:
Hubungkan drive secara hot plug. Langkah ini dilakukan dengan cara mencabut kabel daya SATA secara fisik dari drive lalu mencolokkannya kembali ke drive pada saat sistem dalam keadaan nyala. Anda mungkin perlu mengaktifkan hot plug di BIOS. Tidak semua sistem mendukung hot plug.

Sekarang jalankan perintah hdparm lagi. Jika berhasil, output akan menunjukkan "not frozen" (bukan "frozen").

3. Tetapkan kata sandi pengguna pada drive. Kata sandi bisa menggunakan apa saja. Pada contoh ini kita menetapkan "p" sebagai kata sandi:

# hdparm --security-set-pass p /dev/sdX

4. Jalankan perintah secure erase pada drive dengan kata sandi yang sama: 1234567890 - 1234567890 -

# hdparm --security-erase p /dev/sdX

Perintah ini mungkin perlu beberapa saat untuk diselesaikan. Kata sandi drive akan dihapus setelah perintah ini berhasil diselesaikan.

Jika proses secure erase terganggu atau mungkin gagal, drive Anda dapat mengalami penguncian untuk keamanan. Jika hal ini terjadi, Anda dapat menghapus kunci keamanan itu dengan menggunakan perintah di bawah ini dan kemudian mencoba kembali prosedur secure erase:

# hdparm --security-disable p /dev/sdX

Contoh Secure Erase SATA

Prosedur Secure Erase NVMe

Peringatan
Harap pastikan bahwa Anda memiliki cadangan lengkap dari setiap data penting sebelum melanjutkan!

Prasyarat

• Anda harus memiliki hak istimewa root.
• SSD Anda harus terhubung ke sistem sebagai drive kedua (tidak berisi OS).
• Pastikan nvme-cli sudah terinstal. Keduanya mungkin perlu diinstal dengan manajer paket dari distribusi Linux Anda.
• Drive Anda tidak boleh diproteksi dengan kata sandi.

Petunjuk
1. Temukan nama perangkat (/dev/nvmeXn1) dari drive yang ingin Anda hapus:

# nvme list

2. Jalankan perintah format ke drive. Pada contoh ini, kita menetapkan pengaturan secure erase dengan nilai 1 yang berarti penghapusan data pengguna:

# nvme format /dev/nvmeXn1 --ses=1

Perintah ini mungkin perlu beberapa saat untuk diselesaikan.

Contoh Secure Erase NVMe

FAQ: KSM-SE-LIX

SSD firmware is the integrated software within an SSD that manages its operations, including communication with the host system, data storage and retrieval, wear leveling, and error correction. Kingston recommends that you always maintain the latest firmware.

If your SSD requires new firmware, you will receive a notification when running Kingston’s SSD Manager software, located here: www.kingston.com/ssdmanager

FAQ: KSD-012010-001-11

Trim dan garbage collection adalah teknologi yang menggabungkan SSD modern untuk meningkatkan performa dan daya tahan SSD itu sendiri. Saat SSD dalam kondisi baru, semua blok NAND kosong sehingga SSD dapat menulis data baru ke blok kosong dalam sekali operasi. Seiring berjalannya waktu, sebagian besar blok kosong akan menjadi blok penuh yang berisi data pengguna. Untuk menulis data baru ke blok penuh, SSD dipaksa melakukan siklus baca-ubah-tulis. Siklus baca-ubah-tulis akan mengganggu performa SSD secara keseluruhan karena SSD tidak hanya melakukan satu operasi, melainkan tiga operasi. Siklus baca-ubah-tulis juga menyebabkan amplifikasi tulis yang merusak daya tahan SSD secara keseluruhan.

Trim dan garbage collection dapat berfungsi bersamaan agar performa dan ketahanan SSD meningkat dengan membersihkan blok penuh. Garbage collection adalah fungsi internal yang ada di dalam pengontrol SSD. Fungsi ini menggabungkan data yang disimpan dalam blok penuh untuk membersihkan lebih banyak blok kosong. Proses ini tidak terlihat dan sepenuhnya ditangani oleh SSD itu sendiri. Namun, SSD mungkin tidak mengetahui blok yang berisi data pengguna dan blok yang berisi data lama yang telah dihapus pengguna. Di sinilah manfaat trim. Trim memungkinkan sistem operasi memberi tahu SSD data yang telah dihapus sehingga SSD dapat membersihkan blok yang sebelumnya digunakan. Sistem operasi dan SSD harus mendukung agar trim dapat bekerja. Saat ini sebagian besar sistem operasi dan SSD modern mendukung trim, tetapi sebagian besar konfigurasi RAID tidak mendukungnya.

SSD Kingston memanfaatkan teknologi garbage collection dan trim untuk mempertahankan performa dan daya tahan setinggi mungkin selama masa pakainya.

Belajarlah lagi

FAQ: KSD-011411-GEN-13

Click here to learn more about the differences between these two types of SSDs.
https://www.kingston.com/en/blog/pc-performance/nvme-vs-sata

FAQ: KSD-012010-001-19

Kingston SSD Manager 1.1.2.6 tidak akan menawarkan pembaruan firmware untuk SSD NVMe hingga dukungan IEEE 1667 dinonaktifkan. Untuk menyelesaikan pembaruan firmware, Anda harus melakukan hal berikut:

1. Pertama, kami menganjurkan pencadangkan data Anda.
2. Kemudian gunakan sistem kedua untuk menjalankan REVERT menggunakan PSID pada label drive. Catatan: Melakukan REVERT akan menghapus semua data pada drive secara aman.
3. Nonaktifkan dukungan IEEE 1667
4. Pembaruan firmware akan tersedia setelah melakukan refresh atau memulai ulang KSM

FAQ: KSM-001125-001-01

Kingston SSD Manager (KSM) mengakhiri dukungan untuk Microsoft Windows 7. Versi terakhir KSM dengan dukungan Windows 7 adalah v1.1.2.5. Jika Anda menggunakan Windows 7 dan mengalami masalah rumit dengan KSM, harap pastikan bahwa mode AHCI di BIOS sudah diaktifkan dan driver penyimpanan Intel RST terbaru, yang disediakan oleh produsen sistem Anda, sudah terinstal. Jika Anda masih membutuhkan bantuan, jangan ragu untuk menghubungi departemen Dukungan Teknis Kingston kami.

FAQ: KSM-001125-001-00

When cloning to a new drive larger than the source drive, the software may not properly scale partition size. When this occurs, you might end up with unused space. To avoid this, follow our cloning instructions located here: www.kingston.com/cloning

FAQ: KSD-012010-001-04

Perhatian! Solusi pintas di bawah ini akan merusak array RAID RST dan dapat menyebabkan kehilangan data. Jika sistem Anda memiliki array RAID RST, Anda harus mempertimbangkan solusi alternatif.

Solusi Pintas 1: Nonaktifkan Kontrol RST di BIOS

Solusi pintas ini memerlukan opsi BIOS untuk mengaktifkan atau menonaktifkan Kontrol RST sehingga tidak tersedia di semua sistem.

Catatan: Harap cadangkan semua data penting sebelum Anda melanjutkan!

1. Mulai ulang dan masuk ke BIOS sistem
2. Cari pengaturan Konfigurasi RST di BIOS
3. Ubah "RST Controlled" menjadi "Not RST Controlled”
4. Simpan lalu keluar dari BIOS
5. Buka KSM dan perbarui firmware drive

Setelah langkah ini selesai, secara opsional Anda dapat mengembalikan pilihan ke "RST Controlled" di BIOS.

Solusi 2: Beralih dari RAID menjadi AHCI di BIOS

Solusi pintas ini adalah mengubah mode penyimpanan sistem Anda dari RAID menjadi AHCI dan akan berfungsi di semua sistem.

Catatan: Harap cadangkan semua data penting sebelum Anda melanjutkan!

1. Buka msconfig
2. Pilih tab Boot
3. Centang Safe boot (minimal)
4. Klik OK dan Mulai Ulang
5. Saat sistem memulai ulang, Anda bisa masuk ke BIOS sistem
6. Ubah mode penyimpanan dari RAID ke AHCI
7. Simpan lalu keluar dari BIOS
8. Tunggu sampai Windows melakukan booting ke safe mode
9. Buka msconfig
10. Pilih tab Boot
11. Hapus centang Safe boot
12. Klik OK dan Mulai Ulang
13. Tunggu Windows melakukan booting seperti biasa
14. Buka KSM dan perbarui firmware drive

Setelah langkah ini selesai, secara opsional Anda dapat mengembalikan mode penyimpanan ke RAID di BIOS.

FAQ: KSD-001525-001-01

Sistem Anda mungkin memuat driver Intel RST, bukan driver NVMe Microsoft. Diketahui terdapat masalah kompatibilitas pada driver Intel RST yang mengganggu perintah pembaruan firmware NVMe. Selain itu, KSM hanya didukung di sistem berbasis Windows. Oleh karena itu, jika Anda mencoba menjalankan KSM pada sistem berbasis macOS atau Linux, sayangnya, kedua jenis OS tersebut tidak kompatibel dengan KSM.

FAQ: KSM-001125-002-01

SSD firmware is the integrated software within an SSD that manages its operations, including communication with the host system, data storage and retrieval, wear leveling, and error correction. Kingston recommends that you always maintain the latest firmware.

If your SSD requires new firmware, you will receive a notification when running Kingston’s SSD Manager software, located here: www.kingston.com/ssdmanager

FAQ: KSD-012010-001-11

Kingston does not offer DOS-based firmware updates at this time.

FAQ: KSD-012010-001-12

Unless explicitly indicated, no, an SSD update will not erase data from the drive. However, before performing any SSD firmware updates, Kingston recommends all data on the target drive be backed up before proceeding with the firmware update.

FAQ: KSD-012010-001-13

While it may be possible to update your target drive’s firmware via USB storage enclosure, Kingston does not recommend it. Proper update procedure involves having your target SSD connected directly to the system ports (e.g., SATA or NVMe).

FAQ: KSD-012010-001-14

When cloning to a new drive larger than the source drive, the software may not properly scale partition size. When this occurs, you might end up with unused space. To avoid this, follow our cloning instructions located here: www.kingston.com/cloning

FAQ: KSD-012010-001-04

First, you should confirm that the SSD is seen within the system BIOS. Enter your BIOS (usually, Del, F2, F10, or F12 key) and navigate through your storage configuration menu(s) to see if the drive is correctly identified and present. If the drive isn’t present, power off the system, check the installation and connections to confirm the drive is seated and/or connected properly. 

If the drive is present in the BIOS, you may need to initialize the disk within the operating system. Follow the steps below to initialize.

For Windows:
Step 1: Confirm the drive is properly attached, and power on the system, then boot into Windows OS.
Step 2: Press Windows + X and choose Disk Management.
Step 3: If the SSD is new and not initialized, a popup will appear saying "Initialize Disk."
Step 4: Choose between: MBR (Master Boot Record): Suitable for drives under 2TB and older systems. GPT (GUID Partition Table): Recommended for modern systems and drives larger than 2TB.
Step 5: Click OK to initialize the disk.
Step 6: Once initialized, you'll see the SSD as "Unallocated." Right-click on it and select New Simple Volume.
Step 7: Follow the on-screen prompts (keeping all defaults is Okay)  to format and assign a drive letter to the SSD.

For macOS:
Step 1: Confirm the drive is properly attached, and power on the system, then boot into Mac OS.
Step 2: Open Disk Utility (you can find it using Spotlight with Cmd + Space and then typing "Disk Utility").
Step 3: In the left pane, select your SSD.
Step 4: Click on Erase.
Step 5: Provide a name for the drive, and under Format, choose: APFS for newer Macs and SSDs. Mac OS Extended (Journaled) for older systems or HDDs.
Step 6: Click Erase. Once the process completes, the SSD will be ready for use.

For Linux:
Step 1: Confirm the drive is properly attached, and power on the system, then boot into Linux OS.
Step 2: Open a terminal.
Step 3: Enter sudo fdisk -l to list all connected drives. Identify your SSD by its size and note the device name, e.g., /dev/sdb.
Step 4: Initialize the SSD using fdisk or parted. Here's a basic guide using fdisk: Enter sudo fdisk /dev/sdb (replace /dev/sdb with your SSD's device name). Press g to create a new GPT partition table. Press n to create a new partition. Follow the prompts to specify the size and type. Press w to write the changes.
Step 5: Format the new partition on the SSD (e.g., /dev/sdb1). You can format it with the filesystem of your choice: For ext4: sudo mkfs.ext4, For ext3: sudo mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdb1, For FAT32: sudo mkfs.vfat /dev/sdb1
Step 6: Mount the SSD: Create a mount point: sudo mkdir /mnt/myssd, Mount the SSD: sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/myssd, Remember to replace /dev/sdb1 with your SSD's partition name.

FAQ: KSD-012010-001-15

There are a variety of external enclosures available on the market. While Kingston aims to be compatible with all system types, occasionally, there may be an incompatibility. If you continue to have trouble with your external SSD enclosure, you may want to try a different enclosure.

FAQ: KSD-012010-001-18

When cloning to a new drive larger than the source drive, the software may not properly scale partition size. When this occurs, you might end up with unused space. To avoid this, follow our cloning instructions located here: www.kingston.com/cloning

FAQ: KSD-012010-001-04

SSD firmware is the integrated software within an SSD that manages its operations, including communication with the host system, data storage and retrieval, wear leveling, and error correction. Kingston recommends that you always maintain the latest firmware.

If your SSD requires new firmware, you will receive a notification when running Kingston’s SSD Manager software, located here: www.kingston.com/ssdmanager

FAQ: KSD-012010-001-11

Unless explicitly indicated, no, an SSD update will not erase data from the drive. However, before performing any SSD firmware updates, Kingston recommends all data on the target drive be backed up before proceeding with the firmware update.

FAQ: KSD-012010-001-13

Kingston does not offer DOS-based firmware updates at this time.

FAQ: KSD-012010-001-12

The easiest way to ensure that your new SSD appears as your boot drive is to ensure that it is the only storage device connected during installation. 
If this is not possible, or if you previously cloned your old data to your new drive, confirm that the new drive appears as a boot device in the system BIOS, then select it for booting.

FAQ: KSD-012010-001-03

There are a variety of external enclosures available on the market. While Kingston aims to be compatible with all system types, occasionally, there may be an incompatibility. If you continue to have trouble with your external SSD enclosure, you may want to try a different enclosure.

FAQ: KSD-012010-001-18

First, you should confirm that the SSD is seen within the system BIOS. Enter your BIOS (usually, Del, F2, F10, or F12 key) and navigate through your storage configuration menu(s) to see if the drive is correctly identified and present. If the drive isn’t present, power off the system, check the installation and connections to confirm the drive is seated and/or connected properly. 

If the drive is present in the BIOS, you may need to initialize the disk within the operating system. Follow the steps below to initialize.

For Windows:
Step 1: Confirm the drive is properly attached, and power on the system, then boot into Windows OS.
Step 2: Press Windows + X and choose Disk Management.
Step 3: If the SSD is new and not initialized, a popup will appear saying "Initialize Disk."
Step 4: Choose between: MBR (Master Boot Record): Suitable for drives under 2TB and older systems. GPT (GUID Partition Table): Recommended for modern systems and drives larger than 2TB.
Step 5: Click OK to initialize the disk.
Step 6: Once initialized, you'll see the SSD as "Unallocated." Right-click on it and select New Simple Volume.
Step 7: Follow the on-screen prompts (keeping all defaults is Okay)  to format and assign a drive letter to the SSD.

For macOS:
Step 1: Confirm the drive is properly attached, and power on the system, then boot into Mac OS.
Step 2: Open Disk Utility (you can find it using Spotlight with Cmd + Space and then typing "Disk Utility").
Step 3: In the left pane, select your SSD.
Step 4: Click on Erase.
Step 5: Provide a name for the drive, and under Format, choose: APFS for newer Macs and SSDs. Mac OS Extended (Journaled) for older systems or HDDs.
Step 6: Click Erase. Once the process completes, the SSD will be ready for use.

For Linux:
Step 1: Confirm the drive is properly attached, and power on the system, then boot into Linux OS.
Step 2: Open a terminal.
Step 3: Enter sudo fdisk -l to list all connected drives. Identify your SSD by its size and note the device name, e.g., /dev/sdb.
Step 4: Initialize the SSD using fdisk or parted. Here's a basic guide using fdisk: Enter sudo fdisk /dev/sdb (replace /dev/sdb with your SSD's device name). Press g to create a new GPT partition table. Press n to create a new partition. Follow the prompts to specify the size and type. Press w to write the changes.
Step 5: Format the new partition on the SSD (e.g., /dev/sdb1). You can format it with the filesystem of your choice: For ext4: sudo mkfs.ext4, For ext3: sudo mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdb1, For FAT32: sudo mkfs.vfat /dev/sdb1
Step 6: Mount the SSD: Create a mount point: sudo mkdir /mnt/myssd, Mount the SSD: sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/myssd, Remember to replace /dev/sdb1 with your SSD's partition name.

FAQ: KSD-012010-001-15

While it may be possible to update your target drive’s firmware via USB storage enclosure, Kingston does not recommend it. Proper update procedure involves having your target SSD connected directly to the system ports (e.g., SATA or NVMe).

FAQ: KSD-012010-001-14